Course Content
Module 2: 3D Printers & Materials
This section gives an overview of the various 3D Printer components, 3D Printer types and materials.
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Module 3: 3D Printing File Types
This lesson provides a comprehensive understanding of the myriads of file extensions in the 3D Printing.
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Module 4: Introduction to 3D Modeling
Start designing your own printable objects with easy-to-use modeling tools. This module introduces you to beginner-friendly 3D modeling software and teaches you how to create objects that are optimized for the printing process.
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Module 5: Slicing and G-Code
Before printing, models need to be sliced into printable layers. Learn how slicing software works, how to adjust print settings like layer height and infill, and how the slicer generates the G-code that your printer uses to build the object.
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Module 6: The Print Process
Now it’s time to bring your models to life. Learn how to set up your printer, load materials, calibrate settings, and start your first print. This module also covers how to identify and fix common printing issues like warping or layer shifting.
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Module 7: Post-Processing
After printing, your model might need some finishing work. Discover how to remove supports, sand rough edges, paint your models, and combine printed parts into assemblies. These techniques can take your prints from good to great.
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Module 8: Introduction to 3D Scanning
Learn how physical objects can be digitized using 3D scanning technology. This module introduces different scanning methods, software for cleaning and editing scan data, and how scanning is used in design, repair, and reverse engineering.
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Module 9: Real-World Applications
Explore how 3D printing is transforming industries like healthcare, automotive, education, and aerospace. See case studies and examples of how professionals use 3D printing to solve real problems and prototype new ideas.
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Module 10: The Business of 3D Printing
In this module, students explore how 3D printing extends beyond the workshop and into the world of business, sustainability, and emerging markets. From eco-conscious manufacturing to digital entrepreneurship, learners discover how additive manufacturing is reshaping supply chains, product development, and global commerce. The module begins by examining sustainability trends, showing how 3D printing reduces waste, supports local production, and enables environmentally friendly materials. Students then move into the future of additive technologies, including bioprinting, AI-driven design, and off-planet construction. The module also highlights how 3D printing enables new business models—from custom product startups and digital part libraries to contract printing services and hybrid manufacturing workflows. Students gain insight into market opportunities, value propositions, and the strategic use of 3D printing to create value across industries. Whether learners aim to start a business, join an innovative company, or simply understand the economics behind additive manufacturing, this module equips them with the tools and trends that define the future of 3D printing as a business.
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Private: 3D Printing Fundamentals.

🎯 Lesson: Sanding and Surface Finishing

🧠 Focus: Learn how to improve the visual and tactile quality of your 3D prints through sanding, smoothing, and finishing techniques.


✅ Lesson Summary

3D prints—especially FDM—often show visible layer lines or surface imperfections. This lesson teaches students how to sand, smooth, and prepare prints for painting or display. From basic grit selection to advanced chemical smoothing, this module covers everything needed to enhance both the look and feel of your prints.


🎓 Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

  • Choose the right sanding tools and grits

  • Smooth rough surfaces and remove support marks

  • Apply chemical smoothing (optional) for materials like ABS

  • Prepare prints for painting or aesthetic display

  • Understand safety precautions for sanding and finishing materials


📘 Lesson Content


🟩 1. Why Sand Your Prints?

Sanding improves:

  • Aesthetic appeal (removes visible layer lines)

  • Tactile quality (smoother to touch)

  • Paint adhesion (smoother base coat)

  • Professional appearance for prototypes or client-ready parts

🧠 Sanding is most common with FDM prints due to their layer-by-layer structure. Resin prints may only require minor touch-ups.


🟨 2. Choosing the Right Sandpaper

Grit Level Purpose
80–120 grit Heavy material removal; rough prints
200–400 grit Smoothing mid-finish surfaces
600–1000 grit Fine polishing; paint prep
1200+ grit High-gloss finish for display pieces

🛠️ Use wet sanding (water + high-grit paper) for a cleaner surface and less airborne plastic dust.


🟥 3. Tools for Sanding

  • Sandpaper sheets or sanding sticks

  • Needle files for detailed areas

  • Hobby knives for scraping stringing or burrs

  • Rotary tools (e.g., Dremel) with sanding drums (optional)

  • Flexible sanding sponges (good for curves)

⚠️ Wear a mask and safety glasses when dry sanding. PLA dust is non-toxic but irritating if inhaled.


🟦 4. Sanding Workflow (FDM)

Step-by-step:

  1. Start with coarse grit (100–150) to remove high ridges or support scars

  2. Move to medium grit (220–400) for smoothing outer surfaces

  3. Finish with fine grit (600–1000+) for polishing or paint-ready finish

  4. Clean with a damp cloth between grits to remove plastic dust

  5. Use filler primer before painting for best finish

🧠 Pro Tip: Sand in a circular motion to blend layer lines more evenly.


🟧 5. Sanding Resin Prints

  • Most resin prints need minimal sanding due to high surface quality

  • Use 400–600 grit sandpaper on support nubs or seams

  • Wet sand only after the model is fully cured and rinsed

  • Avoid over-sanding details (resin is brittle and can chip)


🟪 6. Chemical Smoothing (Advanced)

Works best with ABS and ASA prints (not PLA or PETG).

Acetone vapor smoothing:

  1. Place the print in a sealed container

  2. Add a small dish of acetone (not touching the print)

  3. Leave for 5–15 minutes until the surface smooths

  4. Remove and let the print air out

⚠️ Do this only in a well-ventilated space or outdoors. Acetone is flammable and hazardous.

Alternative: Use smoothing agents like XTC-3D epoxy coating for any material.


🟫 7. Post-Sanding Finishing Options

Finish Type Description
Filler Primer Spray to fill minor gaps before final paint layer
Paint Acrylic or enamel paints work well; use light layers
Clear Coat Add gloss or matte finish and protect paint job
Polishing Compound Used for resin or SLA prints to achieve glass-like surface

🧠 Summary

Sanding is an essential skill in taking 3D prints from “functional” to “finished.” Whether you’re preparing a part for display, painting, or client presentation, effective sanding and surface finishing can dramatically enhance the final product.

Final Checklist:

✅ Choose the right grit sequence
✅ Use wet sanding to reduce mess
✅ Don’t rush the lower grits—foundation matters
✅ Always clean before applying paint or primer
✅ Safety first: mask, gloves, ventilation


📂 Optional Activities

Assignment:

  1. Print a simple model with visible layer lines

  2. Document the sanding process in 3 stages:

    • Before sanding

    • After medium grit

    • After fine grit or finishing

  3. Optional: Apply primer and paint, and share results


📎 Additional Resources

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